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UC Law SF International Law Review

Authors

Makoto Ito

Abstract

This year's symposium focused on the role of the judge in development of civil litigation. The role of the judge is surely central to many aspects of civil procedure; as the authority and latitude of the judge expand, the authority and latitude of the lawyers may diminish. There is significant evolution of the role of the judge in Japan, Germany and the United States, but whether this evolution is proceeding at the same speed, or in the same direction, is a matter for discussion and further study.

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